For growing corn in the country, varieties for the middle zone are used. After planting (with seeds or seedlings) in open soil, you will need to regularly water the sprouts, apply fertilizers, loosen and mulch the soil, remove excess shoots, etc.
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Planting, types for open soil
Planting in open soil is done around the perimeter of the plot, corn cobs can develop well. When alternating standard types with decorative ones, you can plant corn near the house.
Planting seeds in open soil is carried out in regions with a warm climate, in which good weather continues for at least 4 consecutive months, cold snaps are rare. The land plot needs to be prepared in the fall, the soil is saturated with potash and phosphorus fertilizers.
When planting, the ground should warm up to a temperature of + 12 ° C. In the spring, you will need to dig up the soil to a depth of at least 10 cm and apply nitrogenous fertilizers (25 g per 1 m²). Seed material is warmed up at + 35 ° С and soaked in heated water.
The seeds are immersed in the soil to a depth of 7 cm, 40 cm are left between the plants, a space of 60 cm is allocated under the row spacing. Tighter plantings reduce yields.
Corn can be grown using seedlings in less warm climates. The seeds are planted in peat containers in early May. Seed material is warmed up and soaked in advance. Then the soil is prepared from humus, river sand, peat in proportions of 2: 1: 1. A little wood ash is added to the composition. After June 15, you can plant seedlings. The air temperature must be at least + 7 ° С. Planting is mulched with sawdust.
Corn is a thermophilic plant crop. For central Russia, the following varieties are selected:
- Jubilee;
- Syngenta;
- Dobrynya;
- Pioneer;
- Gourmet;
- Spirit;
- Sanders;
- Ice nectar.
With a short summer period, early maturing varieties are selected. Maize is recommended to be grown in the fields after harvesting beans, peas, melons, tomatoes, potatoes, and cereals. Do not plant a crop after millet.
Planting care rules
To obtain a bountiful harvest, you must follow the rules for caring for bushes. It is necessary to loosen the soil, water the plants regularly, fertilize and protect from pests.
Removal of lateral shoots (stepchildren) is necessary from the 2nd half of the summer period so that the crop yield does not decrease. After reaching the length of the stepsons in 15-20 cm, the branches are cut off.
Loosening of the plants is required at the beginning of the summer season to improve crop growth and nutrient supply to the roots. A dense crust of earth should not form near the base of the stem, which hinders the flow of water and air. You will need to regularly weed the bushes.
Watering is required at least 1 time per week. During the setting and ripening of the ears, the intensity and volume of irrigation decreases.
After the appearance of at least 6 large leaves on the stems, it is required to feed the plantings. Experts recommend using a 5% solution of chicken manure, which is infused for 2-3 days, or a 10% mullein solution. Organic fertilizers are applied only after intensive watering, so as not to damage the stems and leaves.
2 weeks after the introduction of organic matter, the plants are fed with mineral compounds. For this, potassium sulfate and superphosphate (20 g of each substance) are introduced between the rows.
Until the 2nd half of July, it is recommended to perform foliar feeding of the plant using fertilizers with nitrogenous substances. It is optimal to use urea, 50 g of the composition is diluted in 10 liters of water. Spraying is carried out in the morning or evening. Magnesium sulfate (about 30 g) can be added to prevent foliage from fading.
Pest control is accomplished through regular weeding, foliage and stem inspection. Seed material must be disinfected with special preparations before planting.
Harvesting time depends on the climatic conditions of the region and the characteristics of the cultivated variety. Unripe cobs are used for preservation, ripe cobs are used to dry the grains. Freeze corn of varying maturity.
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