A damp basement is the cause of the loss of the crop. But this phenomenon is not only dangerous. Dampness has a negative impact on the health of all households, destroys the supporting structure and causes harmful mold. Consider how to permanently get rid of dampness in the cellar.
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Reasons for the appearance
There are 3 main reasons for dampness:
- Poor ventilation. This problem may appear in the event of mistakes made in the design or during the construction of the building. As a rule, ventilation ducts are blocked due to debris or improperly installed ceilings.
- Elevated groundwater level. This problem appears in the rainy season - in the autumn and spring periods, when heavy rainfall is observed and the cellar is flooded.
- Cracks in walls or floors. If the foundation is not erected correctly, over time, cracks will form, through which water will begin to ooze. If this problem is started, then soon the walls can collapse.
The manifestation of moisture on the floor and walls, a rotten smell are considered the first signs of danger. As a result of prolonged dampness, the following phenomena can be observed:
- Fungus and mold.
- Violation of the room temperature.
- Increased humidity.
- Active reproduction of harmful bacteria and microorganisms.
- Scattering of finishing materials.
- Gradual destruction of walls, foundations, floors.
How to get rid of dampness
To get rid of moisture in a room, you first need to find the cause of dampness. Therefore, first, the cellar is carefully examined.
If the walls and floor are covered with droplets of moisture, this is not a ventilated cellar. In the case when the floor is practically covered with water, the groundwater level is raised. If the drops of moisture are only on the walls, the insulation system of the cellar has been broken.
The next step is to eliminate poor ventilation. To establish the flow of air into the cellar, you need to organize an additional ventilation hole - add another small window to the street along the perimeter of the basement. And if this is not possible, then install special equipment that will pump fresh air into the basement. It is also necessary to insulate the engineering network (in case of passing water communications in the basement) and organize an exhaust hood (2 pipes are installed - exhaust and supply - in different corners of the basement). Thus, moisture will leave the walls and ceiling of the basement.
Then, lowering the water table requires attention. When moisture penetrates the cellar, it is urgently necessary to strengthen the foundation and pump out the liquid. First, the base is dug up and strengthened, drainage is organized around the entire perimeter of the building, internal and external waterproofing is equipped and the basement is thoroughly dried.
In order for capillary moisture not to penetrate into the basement through cracks, it is necessary to additionally carry out waterproofing work outside and inside the basement, as well as cover the walls of the room with special protective compositions.
If the basement is flooded seasonally, drainage of sand and gravel with a thickness of no more than 15 cm should be poured onto the floor of the room, and covered with a small top a layer (about 1 cm) of quicklime, apply waterproofing plaster on the walls, put containers with calcium chloride in each corner (absorbs excess moisture). It must be remembered that the basement will need to be left immediately after filling the floor with lime, since it emits toxic fumes. After an hour, the room should be well ventilated.
Folk ways to get rid of dampness
The walls of the cellar are dried with hot bricks. To do this, carefully heat 4 bricks over an open fire and place them in the corners of the room. As they cool down, moisture will be absorbed into them.
Mold from the basement is removed by treating the affected areas with vinegar, boric acid (25 ml of the substance is dissolved in 1 liter of water) or citric acid (100 g is added to 1 liter of water).
You can also treat the walls of the room with diesel fuel, and then whitewash them. The main thing is to remove the food from the room before starting the procedure.
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