Preparation of roses for winter begins before the first frost, and ends when there is confidence that the bushes are at rest. Gardeners have to "motivate" the flower to stop flowering and growing.
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We create conditions for wintering
From the end of August we are preparing roses for winter, focusing on the weather conditions. It is recommended to provide winter dormancy for the bush according to the following scheme.
Adjust feeding
No later than October, carry out the last feeding of the bushes with phosphorus and potassium, excluding nitrogen, which will interfere with the ripening of the shoots. Phosphorus and potassium will strengthen the plant, accelerate lignification, and provide resistance to diseases.
Protect bushes from excess moisture
After abundant summer watering from September, do not water the bushes. This starts the plant's natural mechanism to prepare for winter. Protect the rose garden from autumn rains by stretching a film over the bushes or making grooves to drain water.
Pinch juvenile shoots
In early autumn, pinch unripe shoots, especially in climbing varieties. For the rest, cut off diseased stems, unopened buds, lower leaves and shoots.
Clear the trunk circle
In September, do not loosen the soil to slow down the flow of oxygen to the roots and not to awaken dormant buds. But keep the near-trunk circle clean: weeds, fallen leaves infect the roots and trunk, can become a wintering place for pests.
Prune for the winter
Before pruning is complete, remove the flowers, leaving a few fruits. Bend the buds at the base without cutting, otherwise they will provoke new growth. Cut off any diseased or deformed branches.
For climbing roses, pinch the growing point, do the rest of the pruning in the spring. For bush and specific varieties, cut the stem to the upper branch. Cut at an angle of 45º above the upper kidney at a distance of at least 1 cm and no more than 1.5 cm.
Disinfect the bushes
In October, spray the bushes with Bordeaux mixture 1% or ferrous sulfate 3%. This will protect the stems from bacteria and pests.
Protect roots from frost
Spud the bushes with dry soil mixed with compost to a height of 30 cm. The vaccination site should be covered. The land should not be taken near the bush, so as not to expose the roots. Insulation materials - leaves, straw, sawdust - will help at low temperatures, but can become a nesting place for pests.
Hilling is carried out based on the characteristics of the climate of the region.
Take the roses off the supports
Some climbing roses require no cover. Do not remove them from the trellises, cover them with agrotechnical cloth or spruce branches. Tie the removed stems, carefully put them on the ground (preferably on branches, a net or spruce branches), cover with soil only from the side of the roots. Cover the rest with branches, straw mats, thick paper, spruce branches. The type of shelter depends on the climate.
Don't cover your roses too early
Don't cover your roses too early or too late. Both of them reduce their resistance. Roses are able to withstand temperatures down to -10 ºС.
Cover the roses before the snow appears, when the temperature is stable at 0 ° C.
Try to let the roses "breathe"
Make a shelter reliable, but breathable: there should be an air gap between the rose and the environment. Place the shelter on arcs or nets.
Choose a suitable hiding place
Cover roses in the second half of November or early December. They have different frost resistance, but even the most resistant can freeze out in harsh winters.
In addition to hilling, are used:
- purchased "winter houses" (metal frame and 2 spunbond covers);
- polystyrene, roofing felt sheds - a roof over a bush;
- dense agrotechnical fabric, which is wrapped in a frame made of mesh or wooden planks;
- spruce branches;
- wicker shelters.
Plastic film is undesirable: it is easily ripped off by the wind. Air circulation in such a shelter is difficult.
Cover the roses with snow
Bushes winter well if they are covered with snow. If it is not enough, then rake it from all places where it has accumulated and throw it over the plant.
Air the roses in the spring
All shelters should be ventilated to prevent condensation build-up and subsequent discussion. During the thaw, assess the condition of the bushes. You may need to make additional holes in the shelter.
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