Grafting trees helps to obtain the desired plant variety. The procedure can be carried out not only in spring, but also in winter, after which the seedlings can be grown in a closed insulated room. In the fall, such plants will already take root.
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What is needed for winter vaccination
The procedure is carried out indoors, which is well heated. Both shrubs and fruit crops are planted. It is important to remember that delicate varieties take root much worse, for example cherries.
For work, you will need such devices as:
- knife (for budding or ordinary);
- hacksaw or garden saw;
- tape or bag for tying;
- garden var.
For gardeners, winter is a vacation. And you can just get ready for the new spring season right at home, in a warm place. Plants grafted at this time do not freeze and take root. In addition, seedlings grow much faster. In the fall, they can be planted in a permanent place.
What materials are needed for vaccination
Vaccination depends on the climate of the region where it is carried out. The optimal time is mid-December - first half of January.
Rootstocks
Young and strong plants are chosen for rootstocks, because the further growth of a bush or tree depends on this. Cultivation can be either seed (from seeds) or vegetative (from cuttings).
Young plants up to two years old are dug out before the onset of frost. The root system must be well developed and the trunk must be at least 7 centimeters thick. The plant is shortened to about 30 cm, placed in boxes and covered with a mixture of sand and sawdust with the addition of a small amount of water. They are placed in a warm room. Store at temperatures from 0 to +3 degrees. The optimal storage place is the cellar.
Grafts
Like rootstocks, they are prepared in autumn. Cut from the shoots of trees of the desired variety. Length - up to 15 cm. A prerequisite is 2-3 live kidneys. In a vertical position, they are immersed in a box and covered with sand-sawdust mass by about a third. Store in a cellar.
How to get vaccinated
Several methods are used for grafting. With the same thickness of the branches, copulation is suitable. Seedlings are taken from the basement at temperatures up to +12 degrees, inspected and damaged areas are removed. Grafts are soaked in water or a growth promoter. They are taken out and dried 3 hours before the procedure.
The procedure is carried out in this way:
- On the root collar of the stock, an oblique cut is made 3 times the diameter of the scion.
- The tongue is cut out.
- The same procedure is carried out with the scion cuttings.
- The junction is wrapped in polyethylene.
The top cut is covered with garden varnish so that it does not dry out.
How to plant plants in the ground
The procedure is carried out only after warm weather is established outside and the ground is sufficiently warmed up. Low temperatures will lead to the death of seedlings. Therefore, landing is carried out only when the threat of frost disappears.
Buried in the ground up to the strapping zone. Put peat on top, to the lowest point of the scion. Watering.
It is best to plant in a film greenhouse, since this type of planting can be carried out 2 weeks earlier than in the ground. The distance between the seedlings should be at least 15 cm, and half a meter between the rows.
As you can see, this planting method greatly simplifies the gardener's work and saves time. Moreover, there will be enough free time in winter for experiments and breeding new varieties.
Do you know why you need to plant a plum?
Original articleand many other materials, you can find on ourwebsite.
How to plant an apple tree, read the following article:Grafting apple trees in spring for beginners