Cherry is considered an unpretentious and frost-resistant crop, but in order for the tree to enjoy a good harvest every year, it is necessary to properly prepare it for wintering. Autumn work on the site includes pruning, fertilizing, watering and insulation. Cherry care before wintering should begin in early autumn, shortly before the tree goes into a state of deep dormancy (hibernation).
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Soil loosening and fertilization
In the tree trunk circle it is necessary to dig up the soil. In order not to damage the root system of the tree, do not deepen more than 15-17 cm. In the process of digging and loosening, it is necessary to select the weeds growing near the tree. In a circle, a trench should be made 10-12 cm deep. It is necessary so that the water does not spread.
After loosening the trunk circle, the ground should be watered. The water should be a few degrees warmer, so the ambient temperature. In order for the soil to be well saturated and create an obstacle to freezing the soil, it is necessary to pour 2 buckets of water under each tree.
Watering is recommended to be combined with fertilization. This method allows you to maximize the delivery of top dressing to the root system. Fertilizer for cherries should not contain nitrogen. This substance stimulates growth, therefore, it will have a negative effect on the frost resistance of the garden culture.
Compost works well as fertilizer. For trees that are no more than 7 years old, you will need 1.5-2 kg of organic fertilizing per 1 sq. M. Crops over 7 years old will need more fertilizer. For 1 sq. m. make up to 3 kg of compost.
Mineral fertilizers can be used. For young crops that are not yet bearing fruit, it is required to add 2 tablespoons to the soil. superphosphate and 1 tbsp. potassium chloride. For fruiting trees - 1.5 tbsp. potassium chloride and 3 tbsp. superphosphate.
Disease prevention and insulation
The garden needs to be cleaned in autumn. Fallen leaves and fruits should be collected. If there are broken, dry or other damaged branches on the cherry, they should be cut off. Leaving scraps and fallen berries on the site cannot be, as well as leaves. This waste will contain pathogenic microflora that can spread to healthy crops.
After removing diseased and damaged branches, the cut sites must be treated with a paste made from beekeeping products and natural resin (garden pitch). If there are cracks or gum on the trunk, these places must be cleaned and also processed. Do not leave damaged areas on the barrel open. For horticultural culture, they are a vulnerable spot. Pathogenic microflora can penetrate into places of damage.
After the first frost, cherries are recommended to be treated with a 5% urea solution. It is a nitrogenous fertilizer, but it will not harm your garden crop. After frost, when the cherry is already in a state of deep dormancy, urea will destroy the pathogenic microflora that causes various diseases and pests hiding for the winter.
Despite the fact that cherries are frost-resistant, they can also suffer from cold weather. If the snow does not fall and the severe frost hits, the garden culture will die. To protect cherries from the cold, which are no more than 4 years old, it is necessary to insulate part of the trunk from the root collar to the first skeletal branch of the lower tier of the crown. The base is wrapped with plastic mesh, which will prevent rodents from damaging the tree. Burlap, old newspapers and other similar material can be used as insulation.
Whitewashing can provide protection from rodents and the rays of the winter sun. The solution for processing is prepared from water, lime and ferrous sulfate. It is better to whitewash the trunks before frost, so that autumn rains do not wash it off. Otherwise, you will need to re-process the stem.
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