Modern possibilities for controlling equipment in a home allow you to create a real "smart home". However, almost everyone can afford the simplest functions. One of these possibilities is to control lighting from several points at once. Since Soviet times, such know-how has been provided by pass-through switches, but in today's reality they cannot cope with the declared volumes. Therefore, in this article we will consider an impulse relay as an effective lighting control tool with broad functionality.
What is an impulse relay?
In practice, an impulse relay is a logical element that passes from one stable state to another, due to which it is also called bistable. The transition is carried out by applying a control pulse to the corresponding pin. After power is supplied, the inductor inside the impulse relay or the microcontroller switches the position of the output contacts. In the first case, switching is carried out mechanically due to an electromagnetic effect on the core, in the second case, the electronic key opens or closes the semiconductor junction.
Simplest connection example
There is a wide selection of impulse relays on the market with a wide variety of functionality and technical characteristics. As an example of an installation for a home lighting network, consider the BIS-402 electronic relay, manufactured in accordance with TU BY 590618749.027-2017.
In this model, there are four pins, one pair of which is designed to supply power, and the second, to control the load:
- screw terminal 1 - designed for connecting pushbutton switches, note that rocker switches are not suitable for this purpose;
- screw terminal 2 - used to connect the load, in this example, lighting devices are used;
- screw terminal 3 - designed to connect the phase conductor from the mains to the impulse relay;
- screw terminal 4 - used to connect the neutral conductor from the network.
Consider a bedroom lighting example where you need to install three switches - one at the front door, one at the dressing table, and one at the bed. The diagram for connecting electrical equipment to the impulse relay will look like this:
As you can see in the diagram, three pushbutton switches are installed in the places specified above, a phase conductor from the network is connected to each of them, and then fed to pin 1 of the BIS-402 relay. The neutral conductor is directly connected to the lighting lamps, and the phase voltage can be supplied from pin 2 when one of the buttons is switched. Pins 3 and 4 of BIS-402 are supplied with mains supply voltage directly. The principle of operation will look like this:
- When voltage U is applied to terminals 3 - 4, the relay contacts will be in the off position.
- After applying a control pulse to pin 1 of the bistable relay through switches S1... S3 in section A, power will be supplied to the RH lighting lamps from pin 2.
- In case of repeated impulse from the buttons S1... S3, the load RH will be de-energized in section B.
- In the presence of power in section B from one of the buttons S1... S3, but in the event of power failure impulse relay the power supply to the lighting will stop.
- But, in the case of the resumption of the power supply of terminals 3 - 4, as in section D, the bistable device will begin to work in the same position of the contacts to which it was transferred before it was de-energized.
For other lighting control schemes, see the more detailed video: