At the moment, the automatic machine is considered the main electrical equipment in the house and in this process the role of a person is minimized. The evolution of washing machines continues today, they improve and new, better models appear. People who have appreciated all the advantages of using them in everyday life find it extremely difficult to adapt to maintaining cleanliness of clothes without a useful unit. In modern original automatic machines, procedures are implemented according to a set program.
Electromechanisms are becoming "smart", economical and are characterized by increased efficiency in the use of "expendable" means.
The machines are equipped with multi-mode functions, including self-heating, feeding and drainage of water, "thermal parameters" for washing different types of fabrics and determining the amount of detergent facilities. Some devices analyze the weight of "loaded" items and know how to dry them.
Evolution
Before scientific and technological progress and the electronics industry began to gain momentum, washing methods were very primitive. In those days, only children's clothes, sheets and underwear were washed, and winter vestments, ladies' dresses and men's suits were held over steam and cleaned with a brush. Such work was done by "women-laundresses". This profession was widespread and in great demand, but was regarded as exhausting and hard work.
Often ships left for many months of sailing and only men were recruited into the crew. The sailors tied their clothes to the ropes and threw them astern, the current ruffled things, thereby washing away the dirt from them. This is how the first component of washing was found - the mechanical effect of high intensity on the fabric. The second participant in this business is chemical components. People used substances that influenced the quality of cleaning the material and had the properties of soap - ash, grease, sand, soda.
Basic steps in invention
The great artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci sketched in his diaries an early example of a model of a mechanical washing device, which remained on paper.
Inventor Nathaniel Briggs in 1797, invented and patented a device that simplifies and accelerates the washing process. The primitive mechanism consisted of a wooden box with a moving frame inside, known as a washboard.
American James King in 1851 designed and received a document for a rotating drum apparatus, but the device was hand-operated. This device has become an analogue example of today's models.
Wringing rollers were invented in 1861. They are installed even now on simple semi-automatic machines that are already out of widespread use.
Indiana-born designer William Blackston designed a household washing machine in 1874 and launched it into mass production. The company founded by him is currently working in this direction.
In 1908, innovator Alva Fischer designed a new class of household electrical appliances with an installed electric motor. The Chicago-based company started producing these units under the name "Thor". The apparatus was equipped with a wooden drum that rotated alternately in different directions. The lever that drove the engine of the device was located at the bottom of the machine. The problem was that no one thought about safety when working on such an installation, and the hostesses often got injured.
An electric machine with a metal body was patented in 1910, which required pressing the lever to start. However, the equipment had a drawback - the clothes were wound around the screw of the mechanism, the motor of the device burned out from overload, so the washing process had to be monitored all the time.