PUE - the main guiding document, which prescribes the rules and regulations for the safe design and operation of existing electrical installations. Often, they are only partially executed, which is explained by the desire to save on components and to simplify the circuits as much as possible. As a rule, these violations end in big troubles and additional costs. Therefore, it is so important to get acquainted with the common deviations from the requirements of the PUE and with the responsibility that will have to be borne for this.
The main violations of the PUE
The most common violation of the requirements of the document is the connection of wires in a junction box with ordinary twisting. The fact that it is unacceptable during installation is indicated in paragraph 2.1.21, where it is clearly stated:
The problem here is that over time, the seemingly reliable contact begins to break down, which is explained by the thermal expansion of the metal. The latter is due to the poor quality of the connection characteristic of twisting.
Another common installation error is the bricking of the junction boxes in the thickness of the walls, making it difficult to access their covers. However, according to paragraph 2.1.23 of the PUE the joints and the design of the branches of the conductors should be accessible for inspection and potential repair. If the user still plans to hide the junction boxes, he will have to disguise their covers (covering them with a layer of white, for example).
Violations of the PUE requirements also include an error in connecting the ground (connecting it with a loop). This cannot be done, since this leads to a deterioration in the conditions for the emergency current drainage (an increase in the resistance of the grounding chain). In the photo below, the PE conductor is connected to each outlet separately.
Incorrect connection of the neutral bus and "ground"
The requirement is considered separately P. 7.1.135, consisting in the fact that separated PE and N buses at the input to the consumer are connected with separate terminals. Separating the zero in the way shown in the diagram below will help to avoid errors.
Here, the common PEN bus is connected to ground, and a separate connection of N and PE is organized at the GZSh. As a result, PEN, N and PE are connected to separate terminals. That is, the prescription is fulfilled P. 1.7.135, prohibiting to combine them under a common bolt.
Who is responsible for violations
Upon completion of the complex of electrical work carried out at the new facility, for example, a representative of the supervisory organization checks their quality and compliance with the requirements of the PUE and GOST. If there are any comments, a prescription act is drawn up with a list of all violations identified during the audit.
Persons appointed by a special order or performing their duties on a general basis are responsible for the errors found, namely:
For the presented list of persons, administrative and criminal liability is introduced for a number of articles related to violation of safety and threat to the life of working personnel.
