The washing machine is a complex device. Many elements in it are combined into systems that perform specific functions. It is easy to guess that for the connection of all these elements you need a device, so to speak, a "brain" (by analogy with the human body). This device is an electronic module.
The control module is a printed circuit board with a set of elements required to control the actuators. It can be conditionally divided into several nodes.
Power Supply converts the mains voltage, provides power to the microcontroller and switching elements (relays, triacs, thyristors, transistor assemblies, etc.). Power supplies are of two types: linear and impulse.
Linear power supply consists of a network transformer, a rectifier diode bridge, a capacitor filter and a voltage stabilization circuit. A rather bulky option, due to the large dimensions of the transformer, it is more expensive, but also much more reliable.
Switching power supply includes: rectifier diode bridge, filter, low-frequency voltage conversion circuit into high-frequency, pulse transformer, secondary voltage processing circuit and reverse circuit communication. This power supply is more preferable because it has a low cost, weight and dimensions. But despite these advantages, it is a common reason for module repair. However, due to the availability of elements, it is not difficult.
Microcontroller - a universal microcircuit that controls the executive elements, and gives commands (signals) for the operation of these elements. It works according to a given algorithm, that is, a program written to its memory or to a separate memory device. Writing a program is called firmware. The microcontroller needs a stable operating power supply, typically 5 volts. The main cause of failure is precisely power problems. Failure of a microcontroller is a rather rare reason for repairing an electronic module, but expensive and complicated.
Switching elements include: electromagnetic relays (turning on the heating element, drain pump, electric motor), triacs - semiconductor devices (control UBL, drain pump, filling valves), transistor switches and assemblies (amplify control signals microcontroller).
The command input device or control panel can be part of a module or a separate device.
It is intended for communication between the user and the control module. Includes buttons or sensors for entering commands; selectors or command devices (in older models). Control panels use indicator lights or displays as indications.
A separate item can be highlighted many auxiliary electronic components: capacitors, resistors, diodes, zener diodes. Each of them has its own role as part of a certain circuit and each of them can be the culprit for the failure of the control module and, as a result, the stopping of the washing machine.
In general, the electronic control module of the washing machine is a rather complex device and, in the event of a breakdown, requires competent repair by trained specialists.