Good afternoon, my reader. Pruning fruit trees is a necessary measure. It is needed for the plant to have a healthy appearance and actively bear fruit.
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Pears do several such events per season.
Basic Rules
To carry out this procedure correctly and achieve the desired result, gardeners adhere to some rules:
- In autumn, the procedure is carried out at the beginning of September. This allows you to get a good harvest for the next season. Large, with high taste.
- The air temperature during the event must be at least 1 o C.
- Annual branches are shortened, leaving at least 5 buds, otherwise the tree will spend a lot of energy on growing young shoots.
- Removing the branches at the base helps the cuts heal quickly.
- The cuts are immediately processed with garden pitch. This will protect them from viruses, infections and pests.
- Young pears are pruned in the second year after planting, forming a crown and forcing the tree to form fruiting shoots.
- Old trees should be pruned with a rejuvenating type. Remove branches that interfere with the growth of new shoots. The procedure allows you to increase the number of fruits.
Trimming is carried out with a sharp tool. The secateurs are pre-disinfected with a solution of potassium permanganate so as not to bring pathogenic bacteria under the bark.
Types of trim
For fruit trees, the following types are required:
- Sanitary. Experienced gardeners recommend doing it in the fall. Remove all dry and damaged by disease or pests. At the same time, they try to cut off part of the wood so that the disease does not spread.
- Formative.
- Anti-aging. Required by old trees to improve fruiting. It is carried out in several stages with an interval of 3 years.
Autumn pruning
This activity is necessary for:
- crown formation;
- increasing yields in the next season;
- improving the quality of the fruit.
However, if the event is carried out incorrectly during this period, there is a possibility of freezing of the plant and a decrease in fruiting.
How to properly prune pears in the fall
The method is different from the spring and summer. Because at this time the tree is preparing for winter. It is important to carry out the event correctly so as not to destroy the plant.
Follow the order of actions:
- Sick and dry branches are removed. This will increase the plant's resistance to frost and heavy snowfall.
- Cut off shoots growing inward and at right angles.
- All shoots are shortened by a third of the length.
Pruning in spring
Formative pruning is carried out in the spring.
It is divided into several types:
- Post-landing. For the correct formation of the crown of the tree.
- Shortening. Required by young pears to prevent overgrowth of shoots. Thanks to the event, the seedlings become bushy.
- Supportive. Remove shoots that grow down, to the sides, too long. This type improves the ventilation of the crown. It is applied to trees over 5 years old.
How to correctly conduct
Spring formative pruning is carried out before the leaves bloom.
Proceed as follows:
- In annual trees, shoots are removed 50 cm from the ground. So that new branches form from the lower buds.
- In two-year-olds, the central shoot is shortened by 1/4 of the length.
- Only 4 lateral skeletal branches are left, extending from the trunk at 45 o.
- The shoots on which the ovaries have formed are bent to the ground, trying to give them a horizontal position.
- The rest are folded back and fixed with twine.
With age, the pear needs less and less shaping pruning. Gradually, the crown is given a pyramidal shape.
In summer, gardeners try not to prune pears. Since at this time the leaves are actively accumulating nutrients, including glucose. After pruning, the future crop will lose its taste.
Do you know how to prune a pear correctly?
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