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There are several dozen types of foundations, but slab and strip foundations are still the most common. In this article, we'll talk about tape ...
Strip foundation - This is one of the most ancient structures that has survived to this day. It was not for nothing that our ancestors chose this particular type, it is very rational, suitable for almost any type of soil, is simple in design and calculation, and most importantly, it has excellent protection from the fool. The strip foundation is difficult to spoil and you need to have very crooked hands to do this.
In this article, I would like to describe two working options that will help save money on the construction of the foundation, namely on the volume of concrete mix.
The first is the thickness of the foundation.
Foundation wall thickness
There is a very common misconception that the strip foundation wall should not be narrower than the thickness of the main wall of the house. In fact, a monolithic reinforced concrete strip foundation can withstand very impressive loads from a higher structure, even if its thickness is half the thickness of the walls.
Remember any monolithic-frame high-rise building. At its base there are only a few dozen reinforced concrete columns, and in fact only they hold the weight of twenty or thirty floors ...
Another issue is in the area of support of the foundation on the ground, but another part of the foundation is responsible for this - the support cushion (support tape).
Any structure is built on the basis of calculations. When designing a cottage, any designer will be able to tell what should be the area of support on the ground and what is the minimum thickness of the foundation wall in order to exclude deformations from existing loads. The main thing is that the necessary stability and brand strength of concrete is observed.
To make the foundation cheaper, we can easily reduce the thickness of its wall without compromising the quality of the entire structure, and for the necessary support of the wall of the house on the plane of the foundation, make a reinforced concrete console.
It can take both rectangular and triangular sections:
For this design, the working reinforcement is laid across the foundation and the console can reach a depth of 10-15 cm, thus we reduce the thickness of the foundation wall by 10-15 cm. and in terms of the volume of concrete for the foundation of a medium-sized house (120-150 sq.m.), this saves more than 10 cubic meters. concrete, and this is for a minute - at least 40,000 rubles.
In this case, we have an excellent opportunity to sink the insulation into the basement and revet it on the same level as the facing wall material of the house.
The second saving option is the use of rubble stone. I used this option when concreting the foundation.
Buzzing
We have a fairly large number of quarries in the Rostov region for the extraction of stone, so it was not difficult for me to buy 15 tons of stone at the price of 550 rubles. per ton. Delivery of the stone cost me 10,000 rubles.
About 9 tons were spent on the foundation, and I used the remaining stones to build the basement, and a few more tons remained. But, the topic of the stone base for other articles ...
When the trench had already been dug and the reinforcing cage was lowered into it, I laid out the stone in the immediate vicinity of the future foundation.
Photo by the author:
And, as the concrete mix was laid, we threw boulders into the trench. It is impossible to overdo it with the volume of the stone, therefore, its volume is preliminarily calculated and it is 1 part of a stone to 4 parts of concrete. In this proportion, it is laid out along the walls of the trench.
Ultimately, we got a concrete foundation, which in terms of quality is absolutely not inferior to monolithic reinforced concrete.
Using the example of placing concrete for the basement, this process looks like this:
Instead of 7 cubic meters. concrete with a price of 4000 rubles., I used 7 cubic meters. stone (9 tons) for 550 rubles. per ton, thus saving:
7*4000 - 9*550 = 28 000 - 4 950 = 23,050 RUB
I believe that these two methods are very practical and effective, moreover, they will save several tens of thousands of rubles.
And that's all, thanks for your attention!
Good luck and good!
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