Those who have seen the times of the existence of the Soviet Union remember well the popular KavZ bonnet buses in the 70s-80s of the last century. They could be found in sanitary, operational and service, ritual services. But most of all, "nosed" buses were remembered for their demand in rural areas due to their ability to overcome any off-road and unpretentious operation. Why was the large-scale production of these multi-purpose buses abruptly suspended?
1. A bit of history
In 1953 g. it was decided to build a defense enterprise in g. Kurgan. Four years later, preparatory work began for the manufacture of buses, the models of which were developed at PAZ (Pavlovsk Bus Plant).
We mastered this production direction promptly, therefore, at the very beginning of 1958, the first new bus KavZ-651 with eighteen passenger seats has already been produced. In total, 508 of these passenger vehicles were produced during the working year. At the Kurgan Bus Plant, this transport was almost never developed independently. The relevant documents came from PAZ.
2. What was produced at the Kurgan plant
In 1971, KavZ-685, famous in the bus environment, began to be produced. The base for it was the GAZ-53-12. It is not the only product of the symbiosis of a truck and a bus. Passenger transport was produced in small batches, the base for which was Ural-4320, GAZ-3308, as well as ZIL-4331.
For the transportation of employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and those who worked on a rotational basis, KavZ-39 766 was created. Now on Russian roads you can sometimes see a bus of this model. The vehicle is unpretentious, elementary and ideal for rural off-road. It is possible to eliminate a breakdown in it on your own in a small enterprise. Popular were KavZ-397 653 - yellow school buses. They had different lengths and the number of passenger seats.
In 2008, due to the tightening of environmental standards, it was decided to modernize the enterprise and switch to the production of a completely new type of product. So, the production lines on which bonnet buses were made were reconstructed. As a result, many of these vehicles have been decommissioned. Some KavZ-3976 were operated at that time for less than 3 years.
3. Comparative characteristics of KAVZ and PAZ
The transmission and engines for both types of buses designed for transporting schoolchildren are identical. The difference between them is in the presence of a hood for KavZ-397 653. For rural areas, bonded buses are better than cabover buses. This is due to poor road surface, and sometimes its absence.
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PAZ began to be produced in 1989, but they are more advanced. These days, they are equipped with quite sophisticated electrical equipment. The disadvantages of the PAZ include a failure due to the accumulated condensate of the pneumatic system. After the bus leaves a warm garage at sub-zero temperatures, the dehumidifier cannot cope with the functions assigned to it. Sometimes it is required to use the services of a service station due to minor malfunctions. In KavZ-397 653, the electrical equipment was not so complicated when compared with PAZ-32 053. Less stress was placed on the pneumatic system, since the door was quite simple.
It will be no less interesting to know which heavy motorcycle of the Soviet Union was the fastest.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/060321/58081/
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