In the 1960s, the Soviet Union had an urgent need for a new supersonic fighter-bomber capable of both aerial combat and ground targets. At that time, the USSR had a shock Su-7B, however, according to the military, by the first half of the 1960s, the machine no longer met all the requests and requirements, in fact it was morally obsolete. The worst of all was the sighting and navigation systems, which needed deep processing.
The Mikoyan and Gurevich design bureau was immediately involved in the task of creating a new strike aircraft for the USSR Air Force. After analyzing all the input, the team of engineers came to the conclusion that it would be best to adapt to the specific needs of the MiG-23 fighter. At that time, it was a completely new and in many ways revolutionary machine. The kinship of the aircraft can be easily traced at least with a similar appearance.
The new aircraft was naturally executed in a normal aerodynamic configuration, and one of the characteristic features of the machine was a wing with a high position and variable sweep. The wing consists of two fixed parts that are attached to the fuselage and two trapezoidal pivoting consoles. The sweep angle is changed in the range from 16 to 72 degrees.
At the time of its creation, the Soviet aircraft received the most advanced and modern avionics. A fresh navigation system was installed on board, a powerful digital computing system, an updated sighting and navigation complex, automatic control system, laser rangefinder, "friend / foe" system and much more. Subsequently, the MiG-27 was modernized several times, as a result of which 6 modifications of this aircraft were born.
The dimensions of the combat vehicle were 17.1x13.8x5 meters. The wing area in the deployed position was 37.35 square meters. Fully equipped aircraft weighed 18.1 tons and its maximum take-off weight was 20.6 tons. The attack aircraft was set in motion by a single P-29-300 turbojet engine with a thrust indicator of 81 kN in cruise mode and 123 kN in afterburner mode. The maximum speed of the aircraft in the sky could reach 1,885 km / h. The practical flight ceiling was 14 km. Combat radius of action varied from 540 to 780 km, depending on the equipment.
As a representative of assault aviation, the MiG-27 could be equipped with a wide variety of weapons, which, in turn, allowed a combat vehicle to solve a wide range of tactical tasks in the sky and on the field battle. The maximum combat load of the 27th could reach 4 tons. It was distributed on 7 suspension nodes. The pilot could have air-to-air missiles, air-to-surface missiles, bombs (cluster, high-explosive, incendiary, armor-piercing). In addition, the MiG-27 could carry out the delivery and discharge of tactical nuclear charges, and one of the distinguishing features of the 27th was the ability to install the GSh-23 23-mm naval cannon on it.
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The production of the MiG-27 began in 1973. In total, 1412 such aircraft were created in the country during the years of the Soviet Union. The collapse of the Union predictably negatively affected the defenses of the republics that seceded from it. Many countries began to abandon the use of expensive attack aircraft already in the early 1990s. Russia, in which the massive write-off of the 27s began already in 1993, was no exception.
If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about MiG-21 in Asian style: how the legendary Soviet fighter was “cloned” in China for half a century.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/190521/59063/
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