If you look at the buildings in any dacha cooperative, it is easy to see that most of the houses are built of wood. Why this material is chosen is clear to anyone. The wood is available, it is well processed, it is easy to build houses from it, and mistakes that occur during construction are easily corrected.
Today, electricity is supplied to most summer cottages, which means that houses can be electrified. It is the process of installing electrical wiring in a wooden house that causes serious difficulties for cottage owners. Electricity is a serious thing and does not forgive mistakes.
Here are my rules that I recommend following when laying wires in a wooden house. I use them myself and when doing them I guarantee maximum safety during the operation of electrical appliances. My ten years of experience guarantee that.
golden rules for electrical wiring
1. All wired connections must be hidden in plastic junction boxes. There must be access to the wires themselves. Places where the wires are connected should not be sunk into wooden walls, as this is fraught with fire. The connections hidden in the box are placed so that,
- First, they were visible
- secondly, they could be easily opened and check the condition of the contacts between the wires.
In my opinion, this is the main condition for laying wires in wooden houses. In no case should they be hidden inside wooden walls, where ignition can easily occur from the heating of current-carrying parts. And putting out a wooden house is very difficult.
2. Wiring must be visible.. In wooden buildings, this is an indispensable condition. By the way, today external wiring finds a large number of fans even in city apartments, such an innovation has become fashionable there. And in wooden houses it is a vital necessity.
There is only one option to hide the wires in the wall of a wooden house, this is to first lay them in a metal pipe, and only then deepen it into the wall. In this case, junction boxes (shields) must be made of metal (steel), the entries in the boxes must be threaded.
However, cutting wood, making deep grooves in it for laying, spending money on steel pipes, is an expensive pleasure, which also takes a lot of time.
It is much easier to do external wiring, use cable channels or even use insulators, as many years ago in village houses. For originality, you can hide the wires in the corrugation, choosing its desired color.
3. Trust but verify. All wires in the home must be carefully checked for certification and integrity of the coating and insulation. The insulation should not be broken, it should not have twists, stretch marks and other deviations from the norm. It is necessary to check the insulation resistance of the wire using a megger. The resulting value must match the one specified in the documentation.
4. When laying wires, remember that section calculation their current-carrying cores are made according to a special reference book. In any case, the cross section should not be less than 1.5 mm2, and when connected to a socket - 2.5 squares.
5. Extinguishing sparks provided by a special device. Although not everyone puts it, it is better to protect yourself in full. It looks like an RCD or difavtomat and opens the wire, which starts to spark. Ignition and subsequent fire in a wooden house occurs for a number of reasons:
- poor contact in the socket or the junction of the wires;
- damage to the wire suitable for the lighting fixture or any device;
- "work" of rodents or pets, which for some reason are very fond of chewing on electrical wires.
Such a spark protection device prevents fire. He will give a signal and you can take urgent measures to protect against fire.
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