Ginger or ginger officinale - tropical evergreen perennial herbaceous culture family of ginger, has a thick (2-3 cm) silnovetvisty tuberous rhizome length 12-15 cm. Highly regarded in so many regions of the world, as well as turmeric. Leaves radical, scaly, length 18-20 cm. Flowering ginger erect stems Similar to spikes reach up to 2 m height. The birthplace of this useful plant is the South-West Asia and the West Indies. Its use has around 3,500 years old, is cultivated in China, Australia, Indonesia, West Africa, and even Europe, which brought the culture of the Middle Ages, from the rhizome, which contains a large amount of essential oils, vitamins and amino acids. Thus, thanks to the beneficial properties of ginger for many years, people living in Asia, even in unsanitary conditions, managed to avoid epidemics. This unique plant is a powerful aphrodisiac, so the Chinese often compare it with "Masculinity", the Japanese add ginger in all national dishes - one of the reasons that the country is very little fat people.
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Interesting facts about ginger
The generic name Zingiber- name comes from the Roman word hornlike, Latin officinale-pharmacy. By the way, to find a wild ginger in our time is almost impossible. All varieties of plants have long since become part of the culture of the majority of countries and find their application not only in medicine, but also cooking and cosmetics around the world.
Ginger is now one of the most common objects of research, it is used in the treatment of various diseases, such as: rheumatism, sore throat, headache, indigestion, poor appetite, swelling, flatulence, rheumatism, bronchial asthma. In India and Australia, ginger is used as a prophylactic against the plague. If we talk about the culinary use, the ginger is very popular as a spice in various dishes of national cuisine, as an option, powdered ginger used in the preparation of pastries, sauces, teas, fed as a separate snack pickled in sushi and roll and so on. Widely used in cosmetics. It is distinguished by a special beauty and is often used as an ornamental plant.
Chemical composition and medicinal properties of ginger
The chemical composition of ginger root is unique in its kind, which is why its use is widespread in medicine, cooking and cosmetics. The same is richly unique plant?
Ginger - "universal remedy" which consists of:
- essential oils (about 3-3.5%);
- vitamins B, C and E (but if ginger is high probability of survival in its structure of vitamin C minimum);
- essential amino acids;
- ash;
- minerals (magnesium, manganese, potassium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, silicon, zinc, etc.);
- fiber, choline, beta-carotene;
- large amounts of starch;
- gingerol, giving the plant burning taste.
What are the main therapeutic properties of ginger, revealed today:
- Antimicrobial, antiviral and antibacterial.
- Anti-inflammatory, strengthens the immune system (ginger root widely used for colds) has expectorant properties.
- Improves blood circulation in the human body, thereby improving our memory, increases the thinking and mental abilities.
- There is stimulation of the work of the intestinal tract, the normalization of the digestive system. Ginger is well stimulates the nervous system, tones the overall condition of the body.
- It possesses choleretic effect.
- It reduces the risk of blood clots, and normalize blood cholesterol levels.
- It accelerates metabolism, thereby promoting weight loss
- It helps in the treatment of urogenital system, exerting a beneficial effect.
- Good analgesic and prevents infection of the tissues.
The use of ginger in cooking
Ginger is one of the most valuable spices in the world and is most commonly used as a spice. Dried ginger or candied form have a pleasant specific smell and taste. Not ground ginger preserves the inherent flavor longer than crushed. Used in the manufacture of confectionery and main dishes. Young leaves and stems of ginger can be used in salads. For colds and physical activity, brewed ginger, adding honey and lemon. In Asia, it is very popular pickled ginger. Is added in the preparation of meat and game, making them more soft and fragrant. The Russian cuisine ginger seasoning added to honeys, was brought down, liqueurs, including the well-known all gingerbread. Ginger is part of the cooking mulled wine, beer, etc. punch. Feel free to invent their own recipes with ginger and amaze your guests.
The secrets of growing ginger
If you are a lover to breed at home or in the garden the original plants, the ginger will be a highlight of your garden. How to grow ginger at home? If you create the necessary temperature and protect from the wind, the probability of useful plant to grow large, but given the climate in our country, in the open field is not an easy task. In most cases, the chances to grow useful plant increases when plant it in a greenhouse or in a wide flowerpot depth of 25 cm. It is best to do planting in early March, as the plant will quickly shoots and give its owner beautiful flowers with a pleasant lemon scent.
The cultivation of ginger in the open field
If you decide to grow ginger in the open field, the germination is best done through seedlings when the roots will sprout, it is transferred to the open ground.
Spine, bought in a store must be fresh, young, smooth, have a kidney, a flat surface and a nice light golden hue. In the soil, the plant should be about 8 - 10 months. NEXT to the planting material was not damaged and did not look wrinkled and flaccid.
Preparation of the soil under the seedlings of ginger
To make sure your spine has taken root in the earth, soil acidity should be pH of 6, loose and breathable. To do this, make sure the drain base (the bottom of the pit pour sand or gravel) and cook soil mix under seedlings, the rate of 1: 1: 1: 1 mix humus, sand, light garden soil and humus.
Preparation for planting rhizomes
In late February, early March in the selected place pots of ginger roots so that the buds looked up and sprinkle rhizomes planted 3-4 cm soil mix, abundantly watered and covered with a film that can replace plastic bottle. To do this, cut in half and use a bottle bottom. air temperature, which is the future plant will be at least 25 degrees C.
Before plant rhizome soak it at 12-20 hours in warm water (60-70 degrees) of the period kidney swell. Cut the ginger into shares, so that each had 2-3 buds alive. Wounds after cutting sprinkle wood ash or powdered charcoal.
Prepare beds for planting seedlings of ginger
Since ginger requires a light soil with a high organic content, the fall should pave the way for future seedlings, digging up the earth with 1-2 buckets of compost per square meter. m square.
The landing of ginger seedlings
In late April, early May, with the roots of sprouts planted in a permanent place at a depth of 20 cm by 30 cm sprinkle soil mix so Kidney looked up to, do not forget to water profusely and temporarily hide a film or other covering materials, as the spring weather is still unstable.
Caring for planting ginger
When after 30-40 days will be the young shoots, the plant will need to be properly cared for. As the shoots begin to actively recruit growth, soil should be enough to moisturize and prevent its drying out, spraying the young shoots ginger 2-3 times a week with an atomizer, and to saturate the soil with oxygen on the next day, after watering the soil should be proryhlit. Spraying and watering spend the morning before 9:00 and after 16 hours of the day.
feeding
When your spine began to sprout abundantly should think about feeding your plants. If you want to ginger up fluffy and beautiful - the best one for feeding will be organic and potassium fertilizers. If you want to get a good harvest and grow a large root is best suited for feeding poultry manure mixed with mullein and diluted at a ratio of 10: 1 and 15: 1. Enough to feed 1 every 2 weeks immediately before the actual flowering plants and immediately after the first shoots. Since potassium sulphate promotes the proliferation of the rhizomes in late August, ginger should be watered with a solution, on the basis of 50-60 grams per square meter
Harvest
If you notice that the leaves began to turn yellow ginger and fall off, stop watering and 1-1.5 weeks dig harvest, purify the soil, wash off the remnants of dirt and slightly dried in the sun.
Ginger roots stored in a dry place or in the vegetable compartment of the refrigerator at + 2 ° C, should have sectional ginger pale yellow tint.
If you decide to grow ginger as an ornamental plant, its root is left in the soil for the winter.
Ginger production in central and northern Russia
In central and northern Russia ginger is grown exclusively in the greenhouse or indoor conditions. It is best to do planting in early March, as the plant will quickly shoots and give its owner beautiful flowers with a pleasant citrus scent. In late February - early March, the protected ground station must be carefully prepared. The mixture was prepared in the same ratio as for the landing roots on seedlings. The optimum temperature is 25 ° C, and the soil temperature to +12.. + 15 ° S.Sovet.
Crops grown in greenhouses, retain all their beneficial and therapeutic properties.
The cultivation of ginger in the home
When creating favorable conditions for growing ginger quite well at home, but this will be an annual plant, but does not lose its flavor and medicinal properties. Planted ginger root into the home, regardless of the time of year, but the result will be better in the winter. If the root is slightly dried up, do not rush to send it in the trash. Soak it for a few hours in warm water, it will awaken the dormant buds. It happens that ginger root lets green shoots, if it lies in a dry, warm and bright place.
One of the components of ginger cultivation in the indoor environment is the choice of the pot, which will be planted with the root. The container should be large and wide. Choosing a quality soil mix with fertilizer for root crops according to instructions and added dropwise our spine so that the land is covered buds 2-3 cm. Provide moderate watering the plant and in 14-20 days you will see the young shoots.
Do not forget to use the drainage to prevent root rot and fertilize two or three times a week general fertilizer.
If the summer was hot and rainy, with an unusual plant pot made and put on the balcony or on the site. The main thing to avoid direct solar and wind better.
The first 2-3 years ginger is not necessary to replant, and after, if you want to multiply your miracle plant by dividing the rhizomes of ginger are seated each year. Transplanted ginger root grows to a height of 1 - 1.5 m and its leaves up to 18-20 cm. Flowering ginger at home is extremely rare, but if a miracle happened flower grow very unusual and beautiful, so lovers to care for plants carefully and seek a flower. And if you notice that the plant has turned yellow, boldly digs and use it for their own purposes.
To sum up, grow ginger at home or in their area, perhaps the most important thing - to observe and take into account all the rules of cultivation, and may then you see the beauty of flowering ginger.
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