Overvoltage, or as they are called "jumps" the voltage within the electrical network are responsible occurrence of failures in electrical systems, and as a result, disruption techniques, or even at all termination of its work.
Overvoltage can cause a short circuit, a fire and a threat to people's lives, because it is so important to be able to prevent this phenomenon and to be able to deal with it. This article will be discussed how to oppose deviations generate stresses within the home network by using a technique that protects the network from surge.
First we need to understand what range is available to generate a voltage within the network. According to estimates of the state standard, the range is 180-220 in considering the errors of 5-10% of the allowable voltage value, and at the same time under conditions of use single-phase mains voltage may be in the region of 190-240 V, and in a three-phase electrical network allowed - 340-415 IN. And these standards are released without accounting errors.
The reasons for the emergence of "jumps" voltage within the network in the first place, include broken or breaking of the neutral conductor, which in the case of overvoltages circulates between phases and causes excessive voltage or production, or underestimated that in the latter means breakage or burnout the wire itself.
It is also one of the causes of overvoltage can be broken electric wires, resulting in malfunction occurs in the electrical system, and "jump" of the voltage exceeding the allowable upper bar by several thousands B.
In addition, the overvoltage in the network can be triggered by the wrong connecting wires (instead of connects zero phase, giving a much greater amount of stress within the network) in an electric "Panel".
Also one of the reasons that cause overvoltage in the network can be a disruption of the most Power plant or improper connect wires therein, similar to the phenomenon shown above.
However, the surge in network system is quite easy to avoid if you try to apply a couple of ways to control electricity consumption, and as a consequence, the voltage.
Method N1: Use of a stabilizer
The first method is to use stabilizers: relay, servo, and ferroresonant triac. Operation of this device is to control the voltage consumed and if the value for the spinning beyond the scope of 180 to 200 In (again considering the error of 10%), the line conditioner simply disconnected by the consumer public network, preventing malfunction of wiring.
Method N2: Voltage Relay
The second method is to apply a voltage relay. Operation of this device is disconnected from the public network equipment and its automatic connection when opportunities for engineering.
The relay is connected directly to the power source, that is the outlet, which will help protect households from possible manifestations of voltage drops in the network. For the full spread of the influence of the relay on the whole apartment or working space, you must place it in an electrical panel on DIN-rail.
Method N3: the overvoltage sensor RCD +
Also, in order to ensure safe use of the technology without fear for voltage drops can be installed high-voltage sensor, which will be constantly control voltage level supplied to the room number, and a residual current device that automatically shuts in case of the technique threatening overvoltage in the network.
Thus, the surge - quite devastating for the equipment and the entire electrical system of a phenomenon which must be prevented by the use of devices that control the differences in the network.