Winter planting of vegetables is practiced not only in the warm regions of the country. If you approach the preparatory work correctly and create optimal conditions for growing garden crops, it can be carried out even in Siberia and beyond the Urals. But many gardeners do not know what can be planted before winter and what seeds can withstand low temperatures.
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Garden crops for autumn planting
Crops suitable for sub-winter planting are listed in the table.
Preparing the beds for the autumn planting of vegetables
For autumn sowing, it is necessary to make high beds, covering them around the perimeter with wooden boards, pieces of slate or other building material. Thanks to such a fence, snow will linger on the soil, and spring floods will not wash away young crops.
To place the beds, you need to choose a sunny and elevated area, protected from northwestern winds. If there is no such place, slate or polycarbonate shields are used as windproof structures. In regions where there is little snowfall, a large amount of mulch (pine or spruce branches, dry straw, sawdust, peat, etc.) should be prepared. This will help protect the soil from freezing and seed death.
Soil preparation begins in the fall, while the outside temperature is above zero.
Work order:
- The soil must be well dug up, loosened and all debris removed, including dry tops and fallen leaves, which can infect the seeds with fungal diseases.
- Use a flat cutter to make grooves 4-5 cm deep.
- Apply fertilizers with a low nitrogen content (nitrophosk, diamofosk, AVA, etc.).
- Cover the beds with plastic wrap to avoid waterlogging.
- Separately prepare a special substrate from garden soil, peat and sand in a 1: 2: 1 ratio.
With the arrival of the first frost, polyethylene must be removed from the beds. Fill the grooves with seed material (2 times more than in spring). Cover with prepared substrate and cover with a layer of mulch at least 15 cm thick.
Autumn crops do not need watering - a layer of snow, which begins to melt with the arrival of a thaw, will be able to provide the soil and germinating seeds with the necessary moisture.
With the arrival of spring, metal arcs should be made over the young shoots and covered with spunbond or other agrofibre. This will speed up the ripening time of the crops by about 2 weeks.
After the snow melts, a dense crust forms on the ground, which prevents young shoots from breaking through and blocks the access of oxygen. It must be carefully loosened, being careful not to damage the developing plants.
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