In a favorable climate and with proper care, potatoes develop quickly and form large tubers. There are various ways to plant potatoes and get high yields in all growing conditions.
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Preparatory work
Potatoes bear fruit well on any soil composition. At the same time, the best growth and development rates are observed on fertilized soil with a good drainage layer. To improve the structure of clay soil in the garden, vegetable growers dilute it with sand. In order to increase fertility, they introduce the following components into the land:
- Potassium preparations.
- Wood ash.
- Manure.
In addition to complying with the basic agrotechnical requirements, it is not recommended to plant potatoes in the same place for several years: it can be affected by infections or parasites. If you constantly feed the bed with peat, manure and humus, as well as renew the seeds, the crop will retain high yields for several years.
The plant develops well after representatives of the legume family, rye, alfalfa and vetch.
When planting potatoes, special attention should be paid to the quality of the seed. He must be healthy and clean, with no signs of damage. Having sorted out the tubers, you can proceed to germination. This approach will shorten the time to emergence and allow you to select the best specimens.
For the purpose of germination, the tubers can be kept in a space with good lighting and a temperature in the range of 12-15 ° C for 15-30 days. During this period, the planting material will form strong roots and will quickly gain green mass.
Transplanting tubers into open soil is done after it warms up to 6-7 ° C. The soil should have a low density and crumble well. Beds with fertile soil are sown earlier than areas with poor soil.
At the stage of active growth, you can feed the culture with growth stimulants and mineral preparations of low concentration.
Landing methods
There are several methods of planting potatoes. The most popular is the shovel landing. For this, single rows or double ridges are used. Before planting the tubers, the beds are carefully dug up (you can do this in the fall). Then the direction of the rows is marked, keeping a distance of 70 cm between them. After that, holes should be made in the soil, keeping a distance of 25-30 cm between them. Their depth is chosen at the rate of 1 spade bayonet.
For a convenient disembarkation, it is better to use the help of a second person, because one will make indentations, and the other will plant tubers, adding fertilizer.
With the ridge planting method, normal circulation and heating of the soil is maintained. The technology is suitable for those areas where there is a high level of groundwater distribution or a high concentration of heavy loam is present. In places with abundant moisture, the ridges are cut in the fall.
If the potatoes are grown in a trench manner, the bed is prepared in the fall. To do this, make trenches (up to 50 cm) and pour straw, humus, peat or other plant waste onto the bottom. With the onset of spring, the depression is covered with a black film to speed up the heating.
They also practice deep planting culture. However, this method also has opponents, claiming that, being at great depths, the potatoes do not have time to warm up and form a crop for a long time. If the climate in your area is favorable for this method, take care of planting the tubers to a depth of 6-12 cm.
If there is not enough free space, tubers can be planted in bags or barrels. To plant potatoes in bags, you need to make a 30 cm thick sand cushion at the bottom, lay out 4-5 tubers and cover them with soil.
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