In order to get a good harvest, top dressing should be carried out periodically. Although organic matter is required for plant growth, minerals must also be added to the soil. Since summer residents have little time at the beginning of the season, it is better to buy 4 types of mineral fertilizers in advance so that they are at hand.
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What fertilizers to apply before planting
Before planting plants, you need to prepare the soil, mineral fertilizers must be applied to it. Additionally, you should pay attention to the beds where crops have been grown for many years. This leads to depletion of the soil, because of this, the yield decreases, so these areas need to be fertilized at an increased concentration.
Gardeners should be guided by the fact that the maximum fertilizer is applied in early spring and autumn, when the entire plot needs to be fertilized. It does not matter what the gardener grows in the beds. These can be flowers, vegetables, greenery, fruit trees or berries. In all cases, you cannot do without additional feeding.
The easiest way is to buy a complex fertilizer in a garden center. Summer residents often buy Azophoska, they also bring nitroammophoska into the soil, and Ammofoska has received positive reviews. They include trace elements that can be called basic.
If a gardener wants to increase the yield of tomatoes, beets or some other crop, he must buy fertilizers that are designed specifically for these vegetables, berries or fruits.
Seasonal feeding
Although gardeners apply fertilizer in the spring, not all plants have enough fertilizer. Some of the crops require additional fertilizing, they need them throughout the growing season.
Many plants require nitrogen in the first half of summer, and in the middle of the season there is an increased need for phosphorus and potassium. In order to determine when to feed crops, you should pay attention to their appearance.
The changes are as follows:
- For example, if the soil lacks iron, the upper leaves between the veins begin to turn yellow, while the veins themselves do not change color.
- If yellowness appears on the lower leaves, there is not enough magnesium. Plants stop growing, they do not develop.
- With a deficiency of nitrogen, the leaves turn pale or yellow, the stems and buds become lethargic, the same happens with the foliage.
- Lethargy may indicate a potassium deficiency. This is also associated with premature leaf fall, leaf twisting or the appearance of spots on them.
The situation is more complicated if there are no signs of micronutrient deficiency. In this case, you can use complex feeding, which contains not only common trace elements, but also iodine, sulfur and humic acids. “Ideal”, “Gumat + 7 iodine”, “Giant” have proven themselves well.
Microfertilizers
To grow plants, a gardener will need micronutrient fertilizers. They are not constantly used, but are brought in only when the need arises.
For example, an acute deficiency of a single trace element can occur with a sharp change in weather conditions. The lack of iron can be triggered by heat or incessant rains. These same weather conditions lead to magnesium deficiency. Plants require more copper when the weather is cold.
A summer resident in the arsenal needs to have no more than 1 bag of these funds. Fertilizers are applied in a small dosage, so a small volume of the preparation will last for several years.
Top dressing in autumn
In the fall, plants direct all their forces to the ripening of fruits. Trees spend reserves of trace elements in order for young branches to become covered with bark, the process of lignification is completed. This leads to the fact that phosphorus and potassium are consumed more, so summer residents can add these substances additionally.
But you need to watch that fertilizers do not contain nitrogen. It increases the green mass of plants, this negatively affects the process of lignification and ripening of fruits.
If it is decided to use complex preparations, you can use potassium monophosphate, as well as potassium nitrate. Summer residents often use superphosphate to fertilize strawberries. Ephedra in the fall are fed with Ferovit or other preparations that are specially designed for these plants.
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