To receive annually a rich harvest of grapes per vine must be constantly looked after. A range of activities carried out in the spring, summer and autumn. Proper care will help to maintain the plant in good condition and have a delicious fruit.
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Forming and cutting
In the second year after planting in the spring begin to conduct fragment of inflorescences and tendrils. We need to remove all the shoots on which no flower clusters. After tying berries procedure is repeated. Removing shoots should start from the bottom and then rise to knots. If branch length of 4-5 cm, it can break off, pressing a finger on the ground.
To nutrients are not wasted on unnecessary growth of shoots, and sent to the inflorescence should be pinched. For this purpose, the upper part of shoots with inflorescences have reached lengths of 20-25 cm, terminated by 1-2 of the sheet. Do it for 2-3 days before the branch will start to bloom.
With vines need to remove all the shoots of the second order. They grow in the axils of the leaves, which are located on the main branches. It is not necessary to remove completely stepchildren. Topping is carried on the first or second sheet. This treatment will help to avoid thickening and send grapes force on the growth and ripening of the fruit.
Should not pinch the bushes, where during the summer there was a few leaves.
In August, it made chasing when shoot growth is slowing. Make pruning of the tops of 35-40 cm.
Pruning does not grow grapes and crushed his escape. In the middle zone of its Russian performed 2 times: fall (before the cover vine) and the spring (after removal of the film, until the first leaves).
When will be the first frosts, fruiting branches pruned. Remove and thin shoots, which are not ripe. When pruning in the winter frozen clean parts and damaged.
Formation of the grapes must be conducted so that all parts of the sunlight done evenly. It is important that all the runners in preparation for the winter could hide a protective film. We can not have any branches remained outside. Experienced gardeners recommend the use of fan-molding method.
Care of the vine
Watering grapes depends on how much rain falls in the season. If they are sufficiently watered 2-3 times. However, this mode is suitable for adult vines formed. In the first 2 years of the plant watered regularly. It is necessary for the normal development of the vine and root system. If the summer was dry, it is necessary to increase the amount of moisture in the otherwise low yields will be observed.
Giving advice on how to care for grapes, gardeners pay attention to the fact that we should not water the plant during its flowering. Do not moisten the vine and for 10-15 days before harvest.
It is impossible to dry up the land, when the berries are fastened, as well as in the period of intensive growth. The soil should be moistened to 35-40 cm. If watering is superficial, the roots will grow closer to the ground, which will increase the likelihood of freezing of.
When the shoots grow slowly increased watering and fertilizing substances produce a low nitrogen content. If the vine grows rapidly, reduce watering and fertilizer feed soil with superphosphate and potassium sulfate.
The main fertilizer should be applied in the fall, when mulching is carried out. In 1 m from grape trunks dig a trench, the depth of which should be 65-70 cm. It put rotted manure and ash (1 m² - 7-8 kg of organic matter and 100 g of ashes).
During ripening bushes fertilize soda solution, and then - boric acid.
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