"Rusty" brown-brown spots on the leaves of tomatoes say that your planting urgently need effective help. They are infected with a fungal disease that affects the nightshade vegetables. This can happen at any stage of plant growth, as many spores of these fungi can sit in the soil a few years in anticipation of favorable conditions: warm and rainy summer and weakened immunity plants.
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The reasons for the appearance of brown spots
Microorganisms "asleep" for a time, but as soon as will feel that for them the most favorable conditions have come, then mercilessly attack tomatoes. And you suddenly find that another plant yesterday was quite healthy, but today it show through some brown spots. Therefore, growers need to be on guard.
Yes, the plants should be inspected each day, so as not to miss the first signs of infection. The earlier they are detected, the sooner you identify the type of disease and guide treatment of the right drug, the faster the healing process will start. It is very important to prevent the spread of the disease at all landing.
As mentioned, wet and warm summer and a decrease in plant immunity may lead to the development of fungal diseases.
Factors that decrease the immune system of the plant:
- high humidity;
- a sharp drop nighttime and daytime temperature;
- lack of moisture in the soil;
- density planting tomatoes;
- a surplus or shortage of nitrogen fertilizers.
The most common disease of tomatoes
Not to be mistaken in determining the type of disease, and therefore, in choosing the means to eliminate the disease and its causes, it is necessary to know the characteristics of at least the most common fungal diseases of tomatoes.
Cladosporium
On top of the tomato leaves infected with Cladosporium, have yellow spots, and bottom - brown, gradually covering the entire leaf surface. As a result, leaves, zasyhaya crumble. The disease can quickly hit large areas of crops.
Spores brown spot characterized by high vitality. They thrive in soil, and once the temperature reaches 20-25 ° C - awakening. This happens at the beginning of the summer.
Late blight
A well-known disease. Brown spots on leaves spread rapidly over their entire surface. As a result, the leaves turn black, the plant begins to wither. Then comes the turn, stems and fruit of the past have become unfit for human consumption.
The disease begins to become active in late summer, especially tenacious disputes like the changes in temperature and rainfall.
macrosporiosis
It is called dry spotting, or Alternaria. Disease begins with the lower leaves. At the ends of the sheet are formed small dry brown-gray spots, which gradually cover the whole plant. And if you do not pay attention and did not take action, it will die. Especially the disease progresses in the hot weather and the wind and raindrops only contribute to its spread.
gray mold
Brown moist spots very quickly affect the plant. Within one day, it all covered with gray fungal spores. Favorable conditions - a cool rainy summer.
How to combat fungal diseases of tomato
In combating fungi effective preparations containing copper. It is important to know that fungicides must be treated prophylactically and healthy plants.
A positive result can be obtained only in the early stages. Therefore it is necessary at the first detection of symptoms of the disease as the infected leaves as soon as possible to remove.
We need to try as much as possible to maintain a distance between plants at planting, to avoid thickening. Then ventilation will be planted, and the rain drops will dry out quickly. For planting should be selected sunny places.
If possible, you should try to change the location of the beds to the tomatoes did not grow for two seasons in a row at one site. If this is hard to do, then it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment of soil in the fall of Bordeaux mixture and repeat in the spring before planting seedlings.
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