At the end of the summer season, the vineyard needs careful maintenance. Some procedures in this process are mandatory, because the health of the shrub and the harvest of the next year depend on them. Experienced summer residents distinguish four main stages in this work.
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Stage 1. Competent watering
In late summer, the vines are watered as regularly as in the middle of the season. The procedure is stopped only in case of the onset of the rainy season, when there is enough atmospheric moisture to saturate the soil.
In warm, dry weather, they continue to water only young vines and bushes of late maturity. The soil under the early varieties, which will begin to be cleaned from day to day, are no longer moistened.
Important! Watering should be moderate, since excess water will lead to cracking of the berries and provoke the development of a dangerous fungal infection - gray rot.
Stage 2. Top dressing of vines
In the first decade of August, mineral fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus are applied under the root of fruiting (adult) grape bushes. In dry weather, a solution is prepared from 10 liters of water, superphosphate (60 g) and potassium sulfate (30 g). During the rainy season, a mixture of fertilizers is scattered in a near-trunk circle over wet soil.
For foliar feeding, a solution of potassium monophosphate (15 g), diluted in 10 liters of rain or settled water, is used. A similar procedure is carried out a second time, a couple of weeks after the first. For this, potassium permanganate (1 g), superphosphate (30 g) and potassium sulfate (20 g) are dissolved in a bucket of water. The finished composition of the plant is sprayed in dry, calm weather, in the morning or evening hours.
Important! At the end of the season, it is not recommended to use fertilizers containing nitrogen, since this will provoke a build-up of green mass. The plant will only waste its resources: on the eve of cold weather, young shoots will not have time to ripen and will die with the onset of frost.
Stage 3. Disease protection
Treatment of plants from the development of possible bacterial or fungal infections in August is carried out only in case of urgent need. If the future crop is under the threat of damage from gray rot, the vine is sprayed with a solution of baking soda (80 g) and potassium iodide (2 g), diluted in a bucket of water.
From mildew (downy mildew), treatment with a composition made from 10 liters of water and potassium permanganate (5-7 g) helps. This composition can be reused if the first spraying did not give the expected result.
Powdery mildew (powdery mildew) is treated with colloidal sulfur (80 g) dissolved in a bucket of water. At the same time, having found signs of diseases, the damaged parts of the plants should be cut off with subsequent disposal.
Stage 4. Pruning (chasing) vines
Prophylactic pruning of the vine is carried out in mid or late August. During this procedure, young shoots are removed from the bushes (approximately 6-8 leaves). Shortening the stems by 20-40 cm makes it possible for the shrub to get stronger and gain the necessary supply of nutrients for a safe wintering.
The grape vine pleases summer residents with a bountiful harvest even in central Russia. To do this, you just need to competently and timely care for the fruit shrub.
Have you already planted grapes on your site?
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