Roses can be planted both in spring and autumn. When is the best time to do this depends on the variety and characteristics of the plant. Less frost-resistant bushes are planted in spring, the rest in autumn. The fall planting of roses has its pros and cons.
Advantages and disadvantages of autumn planting
Most flower growers are in favor of planting roses in the fall, because this method has many advantages:
- The root system of the bush develops better.
- Spring flowering begins much earlier.
- There will be no drying out of the soil, as there is a lot of rainfall at this time of the year.
- The plant takes root faster because the soil contains a lot of nutrients.
- By the beginning of frost, the root system has time to fully strengthen. For this reason, in the spring, the bush is already considered adapted and begins to grow actively.
- Large selection of planting material - seedlings of different varieties are sold already with buds.
However, there are also a number of disadvantages:
- The plant may not have time to take root before frost or release buds, in which case it risks weakening or dying.
- Roses planted in autumn will bloom only after a season.
- Flowers need to be covered for the winter. If you do this too early or overdo it with covering material, then the plant can overheat and rot; if the shelter is weak, the bushes will freeze.
Important nuances of autumn planting
To successfully plant roses in the fall, you need to choose the right moment and observe certain conditions:
- Choose a landing site wisely. For roses, a sunny open area in the southeastern or western part of the garden is suitable.
- Monitor the acidity of the soil. Slightly acidic soils with low moisture content without high groundwater levels are optimal for the plant.
- Follow the landing pattern exactly. Roses are planted at an angle in raised beds.
- Carry out work in dry and warm weather.
- Use seedlings with a strong root system and 3-5 shoots.
- It is recommended to plant at least a month before frost so that the bushes have time to take root.
Dates of planting roses in autumn
Disembarkation time is approximately September-October. It directly depends on the climatic conditions and weather characteristics in a particular region. In the southern regions, this is the end of September and all of October, in the middle lane and in the Moscow region - the second decade of September - mid-October, in the Urals and Siberia - the end of August - mid-September.
Important. If the planting is too late, the roses may not have time to take root and freeze; if it is planted early, it may release buds and die during the first frost.
For the rooting of bushes, certain conditions are required:
- the optimal temperature during the day is 10-15 degrees, at night - five degrees;
- 20-30 days before the first frost.
Do not forget about the shelter - this is one of the important stages of successful wintering and adaptation of roses. For its construction, you may need spruce branches, dense non-woven and film material, wooden boards or soil.
How to store seedlings
In order for the seedlings to take root and develop, it is important to store them correctly. There are two ways to do this.
In fridge
The most common method, which is simple and convenient. If the seedling has open roots, then they need to be wrapped with a damp cloth or towel and put in a bag or film. Store in the vegetable compartment at a temperature of 0-3 degrees. Planting material in containers is placed in a refrigerator along with a container, after wrapping it with polyethylene.
In the cellar (basement)
Plants can be stored in the cellar for up to 2 months. They are placed in a container or bucket and sprinkled with wet sand, sawdust or peat, covering the root collar.
Important. A flowering rose should be kept at home, just like other indoor plants. The maximum duration is 3 weeks.
Landing rules
Planting errors can lead to plant disease or death, so it's important to get it right.
Selection and preparation of seedlings
Seedlings are bought in specialized stores or nurseries. Usually they are chosen from 2 types: self-rooted and grafted. The first ones grew from cuttings, such roses grow on their own roots. The latter are grafted onto the stock.
Plant selection rules:
- Before buying, you must definitely inspect the seedling: it must have 3-4 skeletal shoots, shiny stems, clean roots and leaves.
- It is imperative to find out information about the frost resistance and growing conditions of the selected rose variety.
- Select annuals from grafted seedlings.
- Instances with an open root system are recommended to be soaked in water the day before planting, and the aerial part should be shortened to 30 centimeters. Treat the plants with Bordeaux liquid or copper sulfate.
- Water the roses in containers the day before planting.
Choosing a landing site
Roses love well-lit, warm, free and slightly elevated spaces. The selected location should be protected from cold winds and drafts, not exposed to groundwater.
Important. You should not choose tall plants as "neighbors", as they will create shade for the flowers.
Distance between roses:
- park - 70-90 cm;
- floribunda or hybrid tea - 30-60 cm;
- standard and climbing - 100 cm.
The flower prefers loose, fertile, well-drained, breathable, slightly moist, loamy soils. The thickness of the nutrient layer should be at least half a meter. The soil for planting roses must be enriched with fertilizers 2-3 weeks before planting - superphosphate, magnesium, potassium. Too acidic soil should be neutralized with calcium. It is recommended to use humus and compost from organic matter.
The preparation of the holes is carried out 1-3 days before disembarkation. They should be 50-60 cm deep and 40 centimeters in diameter. Drainage can be made from pebbles, brick chips, expanded clay or rubble.
Planting methods
There are several ways to plant roses:
- cuttings - pre-cut shoots are planted in the soil and covered with a jar or film for quick rooting;
- layering - a long healthy shoot is buried in the ground in winter, and in the spring it is separated from the bush and transplanted;
- seedlings - in prepared holes.
Before planting roses with an open root system, a mixture of garden soil and fertilizers is added to the hole. The seedling is located in the hole so that the grafting site is not above ground level. After that, it must be covered with soil, watered abundantly and covered with a layer of mulch.
Common mistakes
Even experienced gardeners are not immune from mistakes, so it is better to know them in advance in order to prevent them in the future:
- Bad choice of location. Shaded, waterlogged or low areas are not suitable for the plant.
- Application of nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrogen causes plant growth, which is completely unnecessary in the fall.
- Incorrect planting of grafted plants. The inoculation site should not be higher than ground level, it is advisable to deepen it a few centimeters.
- Insufficient watering. After planting, the plant needs a lot of moisture to build up strength for rooting.
Conclusion
Planting roses in autumn is a very smart decision. Of course, in order for the bushes to take root and subsequently bloom, you need to do everything right and be attentive. Diligence and accuracy will allow you to achieve high results in the cultivation of these beautiful flowers.
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