At the heart of the greenhouse structure is robust frame and sheltering material. We have to build a greenhouse in the correct order to ensure the plants a favorable environment for the healthy development and growth. It is necessary to set the stage, consider how to arrange the beds and set the extra heating. Let us consider the features of the preparation of the greenhouse.
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Basis of preparation greenhouses
If you are planning to engage in the cultivation of crops in the greenhouse conditions, you should initially carry out the installation of an appropriate design. After the frame is assembled and embedded in the ground, it is necessary to cover the film, glass or polycarbonate sheets. At this stage, one must also consider the ventilation system. Once everything is ready, you can take up the arrangement inside the greenhouse. Your task is to create a favorable environment for plants. So, you need:
- a breakdown of the beds;
- provide support for optimal thermal regime;
- install shelves;
- create a layer of fertile land, given the particular crop to be grown in the greenhouse;
- Floor and choose to place a track;
- prepare the devices that will shade the southern part.
Tip! How to equip the interior of the greenhouse construction depends on your needs. If you are planning to engage in the cultivation of vegetable crops, smash beds. For seedlings and potted plants need to install shelving racks.
Heating and heat saving in greenhouse
Plants grown in the greenhouse, may require additional heating. Heated greenhouse can be a variety of ways:
- gas;
- oven (as fuel can be used firewood, coal or peat);
- Electro (requires installing a venting device for the distribution of warm air);
- boiler;
- solar thermal system (for thermal solar energy collection device);
- fuel of vegetable or animal origin (manure, sawdust, compost).
Important! If heating greenhouses is carried out by use of biofuels, burning of the mixture should be carried out in a special furnace. In the case of the absence of such a device, you can remove the top layer of the earth and burn the fuel in the garden. After that, smooth out the soil. Planted plants allowed not earlier than 4-5 days.
An equally important task is to keep the heat in the greenhouse. The main part of the work carried out even at the time of designing and construction, during the installation of windows and doors. Can retain heat by natural heat storage. It can be used for this purpose:
- Water. If fill its container of plastic or metal, it accumulates heat and slow the process of its recoil. To enhance the effect of their color in a dark color.
- The soil. Artificial ground in a greenhouse heating will enhance the air temperature in the greenhouse.
- Stones. Boulders that are in the garden at the edge of the greenhouse will be heated by the sun in the daytime, and at night they give heat the air. To heat the stones, you can use a heat gun.
As mark and track beds inside the greenhouse
If a small panic, break the ground for a few beds along the long side. The width of the one in the center of a maximum of 1.5 m and 1 m for those that are located near the wall. It is important that you are able to reach out to their edges hoe, without stepping on the bed. Take into account the width of the tracks. Do not make them too narrow. Most likely, you will have to carry buckets of water for watering plants, remove the crop and the weeds in a wheelbarrow. Affect the culture at the same time is unacceptable.
Passage width should reach 50-70 cm. Making it wider should not be, because you risk losing the utility meters.
Tip! One of the tracks for summer activities can be wide, and the second narrow (to move without any tools).
In the garden, which is located in the center, you can make no more than 2 cross transitions. To do this, the flooring of bricks or boards. When you equip the aisles, take into account the increased level of humidity in the greenhouse. Prefer non-slip material. If you have planned cultivation of plants in pots, add the inner space of the shelves greenhouses. The height of the structure may vary within 95-150 cm. The collar should be low, because the plants of this kind may need to drip irrigation.
The rack may consist of several shelves. Select section for the site, which will be enclosed with glass. This can be a large aquarium. In such a device, you will be able to send new plants that can be planted in the soil in case of infection.
How to create topsoil
The greenhouses are usually grown sensitive and demanding culture. These plants are very whimsical to the soil. Pobespokoytes also about their safety. Lift soil over a bed (20 cm). For framing Construct curb of the boards:
- Take board (width 25 cm).
- Put them an edge.
- Dug by the passage of the pegs, which will hold the structure.
- Secure board upright. To do this, nailed to the frame or make another row of pegs inside the beds.
- Place ground layer (thickness: 25 cm).
Use ready-made substrate, which is sold in garden stores. You will be able to choose the mix for a particular culture that you are going to grow. If you can not buy land shopping, clean the soil in the area of weeds and carry out a series of manipulations aimed at its decontamination. This can be done by steaming:
- Take the enamel bucket.
- At the bottom Lay inverted plastic container (not forget to make holes in the bottom of the set).
- Fill the water (about 2 liters fill).
- Put on fire. Boil for at least 1.5 hours.
Tip! Preparing the land - a procedure that requires a lot of time, so you need to do all these things in advance.
Each culture has its own requirements for the soil mix, so it will have to prepare, taking into account these features. It is unacceptable that under the roof of a greenhouse grow different vegetables. If you can not install several greenhouses, divide the plants in the greenhouse by high walls.
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