Dubovik is one of the most common mushrooms. Its second name is bruise, and it very clearly characterizes one of the distinctive features of this representative of the forest world. Many different mushrooms belong to the same family, so an experienced "quiet hunter" must have a trained eye to identify them. The oak tree itself is considered a conditionally edible tubular species.
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Type and description of the mushroom
The Boletov family, among whose representatives there is also the oak tree, is extremely diverse. There are also poisonous specimens in it. Therefore, it is important to distinguish edible mushrooms by their appearance.
Since the mushroom is ranked among the highest, it has a mycelium and a fruit body. The mycelium is a kind of root, which is a white web of filaments in the soil. The fruiting body of the fungus grows from it. It itself consists of a leg and a cap.
The oak tree has a massive leg, which thickens towards the bottom. Its height can reach 5-12 cm, and its thickness is 4-6 cm. The hat is semicircular with pronounced wavy edges and a velvety texture. The pulp of the mushroom is white, but turns blue when squeezed. Hence the name - bruise.
Growing place
Dubovik loves deciduous forests and mixed groves in the temperate zone. The ideal growing soil is limestone. Loves mushroom and high humidity, as well as good lighting. It can often be found near birches, oaks, lindens and other trees. However, he is able to calmly grow in open spaces.
Many oak trees live up to their name and grow in oak groves. The rocky surface is a favorite place for the appearance of fruit bodies. Mushrooms often grow in groups, and their peak fruiting occurs in the month of August.
Eating
It is important to be able to distinguish edible mushrooms from poisonous ones. Many species of this family are similar in appearance, but unsuitable for food. The oak tree itself is conditionally edible.
Mushrooms of this type require mandatory heat treatment. To do this, they need to be boiled in water (from +95 degrees) for 15-20 minutes and cook later. The taste of the mushroom is similar to white, its closest relative, and is very good in pickled, salted and fried forms.
Common Dubovik
The most common of the oak woods. There is a lot of him in the south of Europe, as he loves a warm climate. The cap of the mushroom is not uniform in color and has a yellowish tint. The pulp is also yellow, but it turns blue and even blackens on the cut.
The massive high leg is reddish in color and covered with a black net. The tubular part, on the other hand, is golden and takes on an olive red hue as it matures.
Speckled oak
Bruise is the main name of this subspecies. It is slightly smaller than an ordinary oak tree and has a brown cap with a velvety texture. It darkens quickly when pressed. The tubular part is also scarlet, with yellow spots along the edges. They turn blue when pressed.
The stem is thinner, reddish-olive with grain below. The pulp is light yellow. The bruises are harvested in September.
Dubovik Kele
This is an inedible mushroom, which when fresh is completely poisonous. It got its name from the French scientist who studied him and other representatives of the mushroom world.
Distinctive properties:
- hat - olive color with a velvet or suede texture;
- the cap under the cap is brown, difficult to separate from the leg;
- the tubular part is brick-orange, quickly turns blue with any deformation;
- the pulp is light yellow, slightly darker than in the leg;
- the leg is cream, without meshes. It has a cylindrical shape and immediately turns blue when cut.
Do you like to pick mushrooms in the forest?
Original articleand many other materials, you can find on ourwebsite.
You can also read about mushrooms from the Red Book in the following article:Mushroom from the Red Book - white boletus